De Werkgroep Ruimtevaart groepeert VVS-leden die zich interesseren in de ruimtevaart. Anderzijds proberen we op allerlei manieren over ruimtevaart te vertellen en te schrijven.

U bent hier

Nieuws Uit De Ruimtevaart – Week 2023/52–680

Eerst en vooral, allemaal een fijn 2024 toegewenst. Dat het een interessant ruimtevaartjaar moge worden.


SpaceX haalt zijn 100 Falcon 9 lanceringen net niet. Maar met een totaal van 212 lanceringen in 2023 (de mislukte niet inbegrepen) werden er nooit eerder zoveel lanceringen verricht. En de verwachtingen zijn dat in 2024 dit opnieuw verpulverd gaat worden. De laatste week van dit jaar telde nog 9 lanceringen waarvan 5 vanuit China. En het lijkt misschien verrassend maar ook daar nemen commerciële raketten een steeds groter aandeel in de lanceringen voor zich. Dat en nog veel meer in het Nieuws Uit De Ruimtevaart van deze week.


Het traditionele Jaaroverzicht der Jaaroverzichten vind je hier.


Bij de foto: Kerstmis aan boord van het ISS, met van links naar rechts: Koichi Wakata, Andreas Mogensen, Loral O’Hara en Jasmin Moghbeli. Zonder de Russische inwoners van het ruimtestation. Toeval ? Foto NASA

 

Een beetje Belgisch ruimtevaartnieuws.
Wat ouder nieuws, maar daarom niet minder interessant. Over het Belgische ARCSEC en ruimteafval.
Payload: Neuraspace, Arcsec Team Up On Debris Tracking.

Space News: Upgraded star trackers could give more satellites a debris-monitoring role.
Meer info over ARCSEC vind je hier.
Meer nieuws over ruimteafval (space debris) op het einde van deze NUDR.


Zie ook verderop het hoofdstukje over SpaceBorn (met de Belg Angelo Vermeulen) over babies in de ruimte.


En ook deze is alweer van oktober:
VRT NWS (filmpje): Toppers van morgen - Wordt Liesbeth Arnouts (31) de eerste vrouwelijke Belgische astronaut?

 

 

De lanceringen van afgelopen week.


24.12.2023 – Falcon lanceert SARah 2 & 3 (VSFB).
De lancering was voor een dag eerder gepland, maar werd uitgesteld om “extra controles” te doen.
SpaceX: SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket to launch 2 German military satellites early Dec. 23.
Noozhawk: SpaceX Launch of German Satellites from Vandenberg Delayed to Sunday.


UPI
: SpaceX launches Starlink, Sarah-2 missions.
Space Daily: SpaceX launches Starlink, Sarah-2 missions.


Filmpjes:
SpaceX via Twitter (a.k.a. X): Het live verslag (met landing eerste trap op land).
SciNews: Falcon 9 launches SARah-2 & SARah-3 and Falcon 9 first stage landing.

 

25.12.2023 – Chinese Kuaizhou 1A lanceert 4 Tianmu-1 weersatellieten.
ECNS: China launches four meteorological satellites.
ECNS (foto’s): China sends four meteorological satellites into space.


Filmpjes:
CCTV: China Launches Four New Meteorological Satellites Using Kuaizhou-1A Rocket.
SciNews: Kuaizhou-1A launches Tianmu-1 11-14.

 

25.12.2023 – Chinese Lange Mars 11H lanceert drie Shiyan-24C satellieten.
EnglishNews.cn: China launches 3 satellites from sea.


Filmpjes:
CCTV: China Launches Space Science, Technology Experiment Satellites from Sea.
SciNews: Long March-11 launches Shiyan-24C.

 

26.12.2023 – Chinese Lange Mars 3B lanceert 2 Beidou-3 navigatiesatellieten. Boosters storten neer in bewoond gebied.
Global Times: China adds two more satellites to mega BeiDou constellation.
China Daily: Two more Beidou navigation satellites put into orbit.


Space News
: China launches new Beidou satellites, rocket booster lands near house.
SpaceCom: Chinese rocket booster falls from space, crashes near house, after satellite launch: report.


VRTNWS
: Opnieuw stuk van Chinese ruimteraket ongecontroleerd neergestort en ontploft vlak bij huis.


Filmpjes:
CCTV: China Launches New Satellites to Enhance Beidou Navigation Services.
SciNews: Long March-3B launches two BeiDou-3 MEO backup satellites.

 

27.12.2023 – Chinese Kuaizhou 1A lanceert 4 Tianmu-1 satellieten.
EnglishNews.CN: China launches four meteorological satellites.


Filmpje:
SciNews: Kuaizhou-1A launches Tianmu-1 19-22.

 

27.12.2023 – Russische Soyuz 2.1v lanceert Kosmos 2574.
RT: Russia launches new military satellite.
Pravda: New Russian Military Satellites: "Codename Cosmos-2574".
Russian Space Web: Soyuz-2-1v launches classified payload.

 

29.12.2023 – Falcon Heavy lanceert het OTV voor diens 7de vlucht.
USSF: United States Space Force launches seventh X-37B mission.
Boeing: Boeing-built X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle Embarks on Seventh Mission.
Over X-37B vind je bij Boeing meer info op deze pagina.


Space News
: SpaceX launches U.S. military spaceplane on Falcon Heavy rocket.
Spaceflight Now: SpaceX launches Falcon Heavy rocket, X-37B military spaceplane.
SpaceCom: SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket launches mysterious X-37B space plane for US Space Force after delays.
Space Policy Online: DOD’s X-37B spaceplane flies again.
Popular Mechanics: Battle of the Spaceplanes: How America’s X-37B Stacks Up Against China’s Shenlong.


Filmpjes:
SpaceX via Twitter (a.k.a. X): Het live verslag.
SciNews: Falcon Heavy launches Boeing X-37B OTV-7 (USSF-52).
Spaceflight Now: SpaceX Falcon Heavy USSF 52 / X-37B Launch Highlights.

 

29.12.2023 – Falcon 9 lanceert Starlink-satellieten (CCSFS).
Spaceflight Now: SpaceX aces modern-day launch turnaround record with Falcon 9 Starlink mission.
UPI: SpaceX successfully launches two rockets hours apart.
SpaceCom: SpaceX wows with a double header of final 2023 rocket launches (photos, video).


Filmpjes:
SpaceX via Twitter (a.k.a. X): Het live verslag.
SciNews: SpaceX Starlink 129 launch and Falcon 9 first stage landing, 29 December 2023.

 

30.12.2023 – Chinese Lange Mars 2C lanceert “Satellite Internet Technology Test Satellite”.
 

Filmpjes:
CCTV: China Launches Test Satellite for Satellite Internet Technology.
SciNews: Long March-2C launches “Satellite Internet Technology Test Satellite”.

 

 

Te verwachten lanceringen.

 

08.01.2024 – Vulcan Centaur en Peregrine.
SpaceCom: Private Peregrine moon lander is stacked on ULA Vulcan rocket ahead of Jan. 8 launch.


NASA
: NASA Sets Coverage for ULA, Astrobotic Artemis Robotic Moon Launch.
NASA: Media Invited to Learn About Moon-bound Langley Technologies.

 

15.02.2024 – JAXA kondigt 2de lancering HIII aan.
JAXA: Launch Schedule of the second H3 Launch Vehicle (H3TF2).
Space News: Second H3 launch planned for February.
SpaceCom: Japan's H3 rocket will launch a 2nd time in February 2024 after explosive failure.

 

 

Nog enkele vorige lanceringen.

 

SpaceX verliest zijn recordbooster.
Spaceflight Now: Historic SpaceX Falcon 9 booster topples over and is lost at sea.
Space Explored: Historic SpaceX booster destroyed due to rough seas.
Gizmodo: Iconic SpaceX Booster Falls and Breaks in the Ocean.


Filmpjes:
NSF: It Brought Human Spaceflight Back to the US | SpaceX Booster B1058.
NSF: B1058 Lost At Sea.
Scott Manley: SpaceX's Loses Its Best Booster - 1058 - 19 Launches, 260 tons!.

 

China waarschuwt voor brokstukken van een Lange Mars 5 lancering.
Reuters: China warns rocket remnants to hit South China Sea.
Voor meer info over de lancering, kijk naar NUDR 678 (15.12.2023 – Chinese Lange Mars 5 lanceert Yaogan 41).

 

 

Ruimtestations.

 

ISS – De blogentries, Daily Summary Reports.
Wellicht omwille van de eindejaarsperiode deze week geen blogentries.


NASA
: ISS Daily Summary Report – 21/12/2023.
NASA: ISS Daily Summary Report – 22/12/2023.
NASA: ISS Daily Summary Report – 26/12/2023.
NASA: ISS Daily Summary Report – 27/12/2023.
NASA: ISS Daily Summary Report – 28/12/2023.

 

ISS – Rusland en NASA blijven gezamelijke vluchten richting ruimtestation uitvoeren.
The Moscow Times: Russia, NASA Agree to Continue Joint ISS Flights Until 2025.

 

ISS – Commercial Cargo – Laatste testen voor DreamChaser in afwachting eerste lancering.µ
SpaceCom: Dream Chaser enters final testing ahead of 2024 debut space flight.

 

ISS – Crew 6.


Filmpje:
NASA: Crew-6 Astronauts Sign Flag at Marshall Space Flight Center.

 

ISS – Meer nieuws uit het ruimtestation.
TASS: Soyuz MS-24 crew members carry out emergency undocking exercise aboard ISS.


NASA
: Studying Combustion and Fire Safety.
Science Alert: Space Anemia: A Rocket Launch Might Cause Your Blood Cells to Burst.


Filmpje:
NASA: Expedition 70 Space Station Crew Talks with KCTV, Kansas City, Missouri - Dec. 27, 2023.

 

CSS – Meer nieuws uit het Chinese ruimtestation.


Filmpjes:
CCTV+: Newly Released Video Shows Shenzhou-17 Crew's Spacewalk, Featuring Crucial Solar Wing Repair Test.

 

India – Ruimtestation.
Mint: Building a space station, sending humans to moon: Here is a look at ISRO's roadmap for 2047.

 

 

Naar de Maan (en Mars).

 

Artemis 2.
SpaceCom: 55 years after Apollo 8's Christmas at the moon, a new Artemis crew readies for launch (exclusive).
SpaceCom: Artemis 2 moon crew invited to visit SpaceX to talk Starship.
SpaceCom: Will Artemis 2 launch to the moon in 2024? NASA has a lot of work ahead.

 

Artemis – Human Landing System – HLS.
Universe Today: NASA Astronauts are Trying Out the Starship Lunar Elevator.

 

Artemis – Naar de Maan en Mars.
Japan News: Japan Astronaut Likely to Land on Moon in U.S.-Led Program; Tokyo Aiming for Late 2020s.


Inside GNSS
: Exploring Lunar Navigation.
SpaceCom: 12 space medicine findings from 2023 that could help astronauts reach Mars one day.

 

Starship – Voorbereidingen op IFT-3 gestart.
SpaceCom: SpaceX test fires giant Starship booster  — and spaceship  —  for 3rd test flight.
NSF: No Break For Starbase | SpaceX Boca Chica.


Filmpjes:
LabPadre: Finally!! SpaceX Conducts New Starship Hardware Test! - SpaceX Weekly #94.
WAI: Is SpaceX Moving Starship Testing?
Lab Padre: SpaceX Booster 10 & Ship 28 Testing.
NSF: SpaceX Static Fire Double Header | Ship 28 and Booster 10 (samenvatting).

 

 

Op ontdekking door het zonnestelsel.

 

25.12.2023 – Japanse SLIM in een baan om de Maan.
JAXA: Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) lunar orbit insertion.
Space News: Japan’s SLIM successfully enters lunar orbit, gears up for precision moon landing.
SpaceCom: Japan's SLIM lander beams moon images home before Jan. 19 landing (photos).
Inside Outer Space: SLIM Sliding Away…Into Lunar Orbit.
Inside Outer Space: Japan’s SLIM Slips into Lunar Orbit.


VRTNWS
: Japanners kruisen de vingers: maanlander "Moon Sniper" in baan om de maan, landingspoging op 19 januari.


Een filmpje:
SciNews: SLIM’s first images of the Moon.

 

CLPS – NASA’s VIPER.
SpaceCom: How NASA's VIPER rover could revolutionize moon exploration with AI mission.
NASA:Mission Manager Update: VIPER Flight Rover Half-Built!


Filmpjes:
NASA: Building NASA's VIPER Moon Rover.

 

Nieuws uit de (inter)planetaire ruimte.


Ruimteweer:
The Science Times: Predicting Space Weather Now Made Easier.


Zon:
BBC: Nasa mission lines up to 'touch the Sun'.


Venus:
Astronomy: Why did Venus turn inside-out?


Maan:
The Times of India: The Moonrush is crowded, India has a good start.
Business Today: Chandrayaan-4's backbone technology to be tested by ISRO: Know all about SPADEX mission.
TASS: Russia’s Luna-27b probe may explore Moon’s North Pole or its far side — program chief.
SpaceCom: Japan's ispace shows off a tiny moon lander for its 2nd moon mission in 2024.


Mars:
NASA Curiosity Status Report: Sols 4045-4055: This Plan is STUFFED.
NASA Curiosity: NASA's Curiosity Rover Captures a Martian Day, From Dawn to Dusk.
NASA (filmpje): Perseverance Rover Zooms in on Ancient Mars River.
Inside Outer Space: Mars Helicopter Imagery: Flight 70?
Science Alert: Surreal NASA Footage Reveals What a Solar Eclipse Looks Like on Mars.
New Scientist: Japan is sending a rover to Mars's moon Phobos in 2024.
Universe Today: Mars is Surprisingly Volcanically Active.


Jupiter:
NASA: NASA’s Juno to Get Close Look at Jupiter’s Volcanic Moon Io on Dec. 30.
Gizmodo: Juno Spacecraft Gears Up for Closest Look at Jupiter's Tormented Moon.
Spacepage: NASA's Juno ruimtesonde gaat op 30 december Jupiters vulkanische maan Io van nabij bekijken.
SpaceCom: NASA's Juno spacecraft will get its closest look yet at Jupiter's moon Io on Dec. 30.


Aarde en planetoiden:
SETI (filmpje): Defending the Planet - DART and Future Missions, ft. Dawn Graninger, JHUAPL.


Apophis:
SpaceCom: NASA can't wait for its OSIRIS-APEX spacecraft to meet 'God of Chaos' asteroid Apophis in 2029.


En dan nog eens de Pioneer Anomaly.
The Science Times: Pioneer Anomaly: What Caused the Unexplained Changes in Acceleration of NASA Space Probes?

 

 

Meer ruimtevaartnieuws.

 

SpaceBorn (met de Belg Angelo Vermeulen) – Een baby in de ruimte.
De website voor SpaceBorn United vind je hier.


EuroNews Next
: This Dutch company is planning to make babies in space.
NeoScope: Startup working on space babies, but the risks are grim.
SCMP (filmpje): Babies on Mars? Dutch firm conducts space sex research.


Een interview met Angelo Vermeulen:
De Standaard (achter de betaalmuur): ‘Binnen drie jaar willen we een menselijke eicel bevruchten in de ruimte’.
Radio 1: Kan je baby’s maken in de ruimte?
De Tijd: ‘Ruimtetoeristen zullen baby’s willen maken’.
Het Nieuwsblad: Onderzoek naar ‘ruimtebaby’s’: waarom moeten we baby’s maken in de ruimte? En hoe dan?


SyFy
: Space sex is in our near future, and we’re not sure what will happen.
Business Insider: We need to know how to have sex in space, scientists say. Here’s why it will be so hard, but so important.
SpaceCom: Sex between space tourists will happen eventually. But are we ready for babies conceived off Earth?
Mashable: Does space romance make NASA cringe? It's complicated.

 

Meer ruimte voor de ruimte in Titusville.
Florida Today: Titusville large-scale industrial park near airport to house space, aerospace tenants.

 

ASAT en het gevaar voor satellietconstellaties.
Inside Outer Space: Anti-satellite Testing: Megaconstellation Implications.
Het document in kwestie kan je hier als PDF downloaden..

 

ESA’s Zero Debris Charter. En andere nieuwtjes over ruimteafval.
ESA: ESA leads the way towards a Zero Debris future.
ESA: The Zero Debris Charter.
Zie ook deze PDF.
ESA: Zero Debris | Join the Zero Debris technical booklet co-development.
ESPI: ESPI Strengthens its Commitment to Space Sustainability Through Support for “Zero Debris Charter”.


Space Policy Online
: Space companies join movement to stop debris-producing ASAT tests.
SpaceCom: 26 aerospace companies sign statement against destructive anti-satellite tests.


Space News
: Senate passes orbital debris bill (ORBITS Act).
Payload: Senate Passes Orbital Debris Legislation.
Zie deze link voor meer details (PDF).


The Space Review
: The FCC’s authority in regulating orbital debris.


Science Business
: The Ecosystem: space debris rules are an opportunity for tech start-ups.
Space Daily: Tackling the Growing Challenge of Space Debris.
ECNS: Space junk fine highlights safety urgency.
Space News: NorthStar raises $15 million for debris-tracking satellites waiting on Rocket Lab.
Executive Gov: Catalyst Accelerator Launches Search for 13th Cohort to Advance Space Domain Awareness.
Space News: After raising $9.5 million, startup OurSky sees strong demand for space data platform.
Universe Today: 99% of Space Junk is Undetectable. That Could Change Soon.
UK.gov: Future impact of Space Debris on Global Industries.


SpaceCom
: AI-powered lasers could zap space debris away from collision courses.
SpaceCom: Sci-fi inspired tractor beams are real, and could solve a major space junk problem.


Inside Outer Space
: Space Pollution: Cautionary News.
Universe Today: Simulating a Piece of Space Junk.
SpaceCom: Colliding space junk makes 'noise' that could be heard from Earth.
Today in Space (filmpje): The Space Debris Problem | Unveiling the Costly Challenge of Maneuvering Satellites in Orbit.

 

Satellietproductie – Terran Orbital en andere satellietfabrieken.
Evertiq: Safran and Terran Orbital to produce satellite electric propulsion systems in the US.
Space News: Terran Orbital unveils seven standard satellite buses.
Space News: Terran Orbital announces plan to speed up satellite production.
SpaceRef+: Terran Orbital Closes $32 Million Public Offering Amid Cash Worries.
Space News: Terran Orbital to build 36 satellite buses for Lockheed Martin.
Space News: Terran Orbital still waiting for milestone Rivada Space constellation payment.
Via Satellite: Terran Orbital Slashes 2023 Revenue Outlook as Rivada Misses Payment.
Via Satellite: Rocket Lab Wins $515M Contract to Build 18 Satellites for US Government.


Space News
: Rocket Lab wins $515 million contract to build 18 satellites for U.S. government agency.


Payload
: The Secret Sauce to Satellite Manufacturing.
Space News: LeoStella unveils its largest smallsat to target SDA contracts.
Space News: Lockheed Martin opens new factory focused on small satellites.
Space News: Proteus Space raises seed funding for AI-assisted smallsat development.
Space News: Italy’s Argotec to design, build, test and operate satellites in Maryland.
Space News: Machina Labs expands focus to satellites and reentry vehicles.
TASS: Roscosmos faces grandiose task to start serial production of satellites — CEO.
Space News: Apex to open new satellite factory in Los Angeles.


SpaceRef
: Benchmark Space Systems Announces First “Autopilot” for Satellite Maneuvers.


Universe Today
: Graphene Could Be A Game Changing Material In Space – With A Bit More Research.
PhysOrg: Researchers look at the role of graphene in space technology.
The Register: Graphene foam is the future of IoT power, maybe.


Space News
: Space industry group turns up volume on satellite vulnerabilities.

 

Constellaties – OneWeb.
The Telegraph: Taxpayers facing £200m loss on satellite venture OneWeb after Dominic Cummings-engineered rescue.

 

Constellaties – Nieuws over GPS, het Europese Galileo en het navigeren op de sterren. (nu ja pulsars).
GPS World: Celebrating GPS: An evening with the father of GPS.
GPS World: They used GPS even before it was fully built: The adoption of GPS by surveyors.
GPS World: The early days of GPS: How it was adopted by the US military and surveyors.
GPS World:: GPS: The birth of the commercial GPS industry and how it changed the world.
Scott Manley (filmpje): How GPS Works, And How It Got Better Than The Designers Ever Imagined.


SpaceCom
: GPS satellites threatened more by mild solar storms than monster sun flares.
ESA: Galileo Second Generation satellite aces first hardware tests.
ESA: Galileo Second Generation satellites take shape.
Satellite Pro ME: Airbus starts production of Galileo Second Generation satellites.


NASA Tumblr
: Navigating Deep Space by Starlight.
Universe Today: Soon Every Spacecraft can Navigate the Solar System Autonomously Using Pulsars.
Breaking Defense: From Polaris to pulsars: Navy eyes celestial navigation as GPS alternative.

 

Energie vanuit de ruimte – Artikels uit 2023.
Teruggevonden in mijn “2023 archief”.


Inside Outer Space
: Space Solar Power: Progress Reported in Air Force Demo Program.
ESA: ESA developing Space-Based Solar Power plant plans.
Engadget: Japan will try to beam solar power from space by 2025.
Inside Outer Space: Space-based Solar Power Experiment Beams Energy in Space, Down to Earth.
Universe Today: New Satellite Successfully Beams Power From Space.
SpaceRef: A European project to use clean solar power from space to meet energy requirements down on Earth.
The Space Review: A small step forward for space-based solar power technology.
Universe Today: Is Space Power a Good Idea? A New Spacecraft is Going to Find Out!
ECNS: China aims to shine in space-based solar power tech.

 

Militaire ruimtevaart – US Space Force.
Space News: U.S. Space Command declares ‘full operational capability’.
Defense One: Space Command is fully operational, if still officially homeless.
Space Policy Online: Space Command reaches FOC while “home” remains TBD.


Air and Space Forces
: USSF Creates New Component for SPACECOM.

 

Militaire ruimtevaart – De VS enerzijds, China en Rusland anderzijds.
Washington Times: China, Russia deploying space weapons to attack U.S. satellites, warns Space Force chief.
Inside Outer Space: Report: Threat Assessment of China, Russia Space Activities.
Fox Business: Top US intelligence official warns that China's space capabilities should 'worry us a lot'.
Payload: China’s Space Build Up in America’s ‘Backyard’.
TASS: Russia, China oppose attempts to use outer space for armed confrontation — statement.
The Conversation: Is the US in a space race against China?
Space Policy Online: NASA wins accolades from House Appropriators worried about space race with China..
Space News: Nelson supports continuing restrictions on NASA cooperation with China.
Fox Business: China's push to hijack enemy satellites could be 'game over' for US, national security expert warns.


TASS
: Top senator Matviyenko says Russia favors deepening space cooperation with all countries.
TASS: Foreign states eager to cooperate with Russia in space sphere, says Roscosmos chief.
TASS: Russia wants to keep space free of weapons — MFA.
TASS: Russia, China stand for intensification of international space cooperation.


Defense One
: US Space Command Wants Red Phones With China, Russia.
Space News: Space Force official: Lack of communication with China increases risk of mishaps in orbit.
Independent: US tells China: ‘We’ll fight in outer space if we have to’.
GPS World: China threatens U.S. GNSS dominance.
TASS: Russia for peaceful opening of outer space, ready to answer potential threats — lawmaker.
Cosmos Mag: Russia declares new space race but China’s not competing.
Space News: Chinese study finds GSSAP close approaches a threat to its GEO assets.
Space News: U.S. commission to investigate China’s remote-sensing technologies.
Payload: China’s Pursuit of Space Superiority Through Soft Power.
TASS: Russian diplomat sees US trying to use satellites to take down governments.
Payload: GOP Concerns About China-Russia Military Space Cooperation.


Business Insider
: Russia moved one of its satellites uncomfortably close to a French one, possibly to spy on it: report.
Space News: LeoLabs data shows on-orbit maneuvers by Russian satellites.


Space News
: U.S. intelligence report: China’s commercial space sector to become global competitor by 2030.


Popular Mechanics
: Why Russian Space Satellites Are Failing in the Ukraine War.
TASS: Russia's newest satellites to change course of Ukrainian conflict — former UN inspector.
Cyberscoop: Hackers attack Russian satellite telecom provider, claim affiliation with Wagner Group.
PC Mag: 'Wagner' Hackers Say They Shut Down Russian Satellite Internet Provider.
Data Center Dynamics: Russian satellite comms firm Dozer taken offline by Wagner-affiliated hacker group - report.
SpaceCom: Lost partnerships destroying Ukraine's space sector faster than Russian missiles, former space chief says.
The Moscow Times: Chinese Firm Sold Satellites for Intelligence to Russia's Wagner – Contract.


SpaceCom
: Iran is seeking Russian assistance for a new spy satellite: reports.


Maar ook dit:
Ars Technica: Russia renamed its ambitious satellite program after Putin misspoke its name.

 

Veel lees- en kijkplezier,


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